The effect of eight weeks of interval aerobic training with the consumption of crocetin extract on some indices of angiogenesis of the heart tissue of prediabetic and diabetic aged rats

Background and aims: Diabetes is associated with cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. Although the favorable role of physical activity and antioxidants in people's health has been reported, the simultaneous effect of HIIT and crocetin on angiogenesis in heart tissue is not well known. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of intermittent aerobic training with the consumption of crocetin extract on some indicators of angiogenesis in the heart tissue of prediabetic and diabetic aged rats. Methods: In this experimental trial, 48 elderly female c57bl6 male mice with diabetes (40 mg/kg peritoneal injection) aged 14-16 weeks and weighing 30-35 gr were divided into (1) pre-diabetic (2) pre-diabetic+ groups. Aerobic exercise (3) pre-diabetic + crocetin (4) pre-diabetic + aerobic exercise + crocetin (5) diabetic (6) diabetic + aerobic exercise (7) diabetic + crocetin (8) diabetic + aerobic exercise + crocetin were divided. In order to investigate the effect of modeling on the variables, 5 healthy rats were included in the healthy control group. Groups 2, 4, 6, and 8 did interval aerobic exercise five sessions a week for eight weeks. Groups 3, 4, 7, and 8 received 30 mg/kg/day crocin by intraperitoneal injection. To analyze the data, one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test were used in GraphPad Prism 8.3.3 software (P≥0.05). Results: The expression values of FGF-2 in the pre-diabetes group + aerobic exercise + crocetin supplement and the diabetes group + aerobic exercise + crocetin supplement were significantly higher than other groups (P≥0.05); NO gene expression values in the pre-diabetes group + aerobic exercise + crocetin supplement and diabetes group + aerobic exercise + crocetin supplement were significantly lower than other groups (P≥0.05). The insulin and glucose levels in the pre-diabetes group + aerobic exercise + crocetin supplement and the diabetes group + aerobic exercise + crocetin supplement were significantly lower than other groups (P≥0.05). Conclusion: It seems that interval aerobics and crocetin are effective both alone and synergistically in improving angiogenesis in heart tissue with pre-diabetes and diabetes. Therefore, the use of periodic aerobics and crocetin is recommended in pre-diabetes and senile diabetes